1.
Literature: fiction, poetry and
drama
2.
Epic (genre)
An epic is traditionally a genre of
poetry, known as epic poetry. However in modern terms, epic is often extended
to other art forms, such as epic theatre, films, music, novels, plays,
television shows, and video games, wherein the story has a theme of grandeur
and heroism, just as in epic poetry.
3.
Lyre
The lyre is a stringed musical instrument known for its use in Greek
classical antiquity and later. The lyres of Ur, excavated in ancient
Mesopotamia (modern Iraq), date to 2500 BC. The earliest picture of a lyre with
seven strings appears in the famous sarcophagus of Hagia Triada (a Minoan
settlement in Crete). The sarcophagus was used during the Mycenaean occupation
of Crete (1400 BC). The recitations of the Ancient Greeks were accompanied by
lyre playing. The lyre of classical antiquity was ordinarily played by being
strummed with a plectrum, like a guitar or a zither, rather than being plucked,
like a harp. The fingers of the free hand silenced the unwanted strings in the
chord. The lyre is similar in appearance to a small harp but with distinct differences.
4.
Sub—under
Subgenre, subway, subcontract
5.
Spec—to look
Perspective(point of view)
6.
Protagonist
A protagonist is the main character (the central or primary personal
figure) of a literary, theatrical, cinematic, or musical narrative, who ends up
in conflict because of the antagonist. The audience is intended to most
identify with the protagonist. In the theatre of Ancient Greece, three actors
played all of the main dramatic roles in a tragedy; the leading role was played
by the protagonist, while the other roles were played by deuteragonist and the
tritagonist.
7.
Antagonist
An antagonist is a character, group of characters, or institution,
that represents the opposition against which the protagonist must contend. In
other words, an antagonist is a person or a group of people who oppose the main
character(s).In the classic style of stories wherein the action consists of a
hero fighting a villain/enemy, the two can be regarded as protagonist and
antagonist, respectively. The antagonist may also represent a major threat or
obstacle to the main character by their very existence, without necessarily
deliberately targeting him or her. Examples in both film and theatre include
Sauron, the main antagonist in The Lord of the Rings, who constantly battles
the series' protagonists, and Tybalt, an antagonist in Romeo and Juliet, who slays
Mercutio and whose later death results in the exiling of the play's
protagonist, Romeo. A convention of the antagonist in a story is that their
moral choices are less savoury than those of the protagonist. This is often
used by an author to create conflict within a story. However, this is merely a
convention and the reversal of this can be seen in the character Macduff from
Macbeth, who is arguably morally correct in his desire to fight the tyrant
Macbeth.
8.
Haiku
Haiku (俳句 haikai verse) is a very short form of Japanese poetry typically characterized
by three qualities:
The essence of haiku is "cutting" (kiru). This is often
represented by the juxtaposition of two images or ideas and a kireji
("cutting word") between them, a kind of verbal punctuation mark
which signals the moment of separation and colours the manner in which the
juxtaposed elements are related.
Traditional haiku consist of 17 on (also known as morae), in three
phrases of 5, 7 and 5 on respectively. Any one of the three phrases may end
with the kireji. Although haiku are often stated to have 17 syllables, this is
inaccurate as syllables and on are not the same.
A kigo (seasonal
reference), usually drawn from a saijiki, an extensive but defined list of such
words.
Death of a Salesman is a 1949 play written by American playwright
Arthur Miller. It was the recipient of the 1949 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and
Tony Award for Best Play. The play premiered on Broadway in February 1949,
running for 742 performances, and has been revived on Broadway four times,
winning three Tony Awards for Best Revival.
10.
Willy Loman
William "Willy" Loman is a fictional character and the
protagonist of Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, which debuted on Broadway
with Lee J. Cobb playing Loman at the Morosco Theatre on February 10, 1949. Loman
is a 63-year-old travelling salesman from Brooklyn with 34 years of experience
with the same company who endures a pay cut and a firing during the play. He
has difficulty dealing with his current state and has created a fantasy world
to cope with his situation. This does not keep him from multiple suicide
attempts. Loman is the central role of the only play that has won a Tony Award
for Best Broadway Production four times (Best Play, Best Revival and twice Best
Revival of a Play).
The Age of Innocence is Edith Wharton's 12th novel, published in
1920, which won the 1921 Pulitzer Prize. The story is set in upper-class New
York City in the 1870s. In 1920, The Age of Innocence was serialized in four
parts in the Pictorial Review magazine, and later released by D. Appleton and
Company as a book in New York and in London.
"Keeping up with the Joneses" is an idiom in many parts of
the English-speaking world referring to the comparison to one's neighbor as a
benchmark for social caste or the accumulation of material goods. To fail to
"keep up with the Joneses" is perceived as demonstrating
socio-economic or cultural inferiority.
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